The Structure of a Rhombohedral R6 Insulin Hexamer that Binds Phenol
Role of B13 Glu in Insulin Assembly. The Hexamer Structure of Recombinant Mutant (B13 Glu-->Gln) Insulin
X-Ray Analysis of the Single Chain B29-A1 Peptide-Linked Insulin Molecule. A Completely Inactive Analogue
Phenol Stabilizes More Helix in a New Symmetrical Zinc Insulin Hexamer
Comparison of Solution Structural Flexibility and Zinc Binding Domains for Insulin, Proinsulin, and Miniproinsulin
The Structure of 2Zn Pig Insulin Crystals at 1.5 A Resolution
Structural Stability in the 4-Zinc Human Insulin Hexamer
Rhombohedral Insulin Crystal Transformation
CUBIC INSULIN. THE STRUCTURE HAS A SYMMETRICAL DIMER IN T2 CONFORMATION
THE QUASI-TWO-FOLD SYMMETRY BREAKS DOWN MOST SERIOUSLY AT RESIDUES PHE B 1 TO CYS B 7 AND PHE D 1 TO CYS D 7 PHE B 25 AND PHE D 25
REFINEMENT TOOK PLACE OVER A PERIOD OF MORE THAN 20 YEARS. SOME RESIDUES ARE APPARENTLY DISORDERED AND CERTAINLY MOBILE. THEIR ATOMIC PARAMETERS ARE DIFFICULT TO REFINE ACCURATELY. THE THERMAL PARAMETERS ARE OFTEN OVER 50A**2 WHICH REFLECTS THE UNCERTAINTY IN POSITION AND THE POSSIBILITY OF DISORDER.
IN 2ZN INSULIN (ENTRY 4INS) THE FOLLOWING APPLIES: THE CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ASYMMETRIC UNIT OF INSULIN CONSISTS OF TWO INSULIN MOLECULES EACH CONSISTING OF TWO CHAINS. ENTRY 4INS PRESENTS COORDINATES FOR MOLECULES I (CHAIN IDENTIFIERS *A* AND *B*) AND II (CHAIN IDENTIFIERS *C* AND *D*). THE QUASI-TWO-FOLD AXIS THAT TRANSFORMS MOLECULE I INTO MOLECULE II IS GIVEN IN THE *MTRIX* RECORDS. APPLYING THE THREE-FOLD CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC AXIS YIELDS A HEXAMER AROUND THE AXIS. THERE ARE TWO ZINC IONS SITUATED ON THIS THREE-FOLD AXIS. COORDINATES FOR THE ZINC IONS AND SOME WATER MOLECULES ARE INCLUDED WITH A BLANK CHAIN IDENTIFIER.
MALWTRLLPLLALLALWAPAPAQAFVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKARREAENPQAGAVELGGGLGGLQALAL EGPPQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN